abstract：:Long axons and their enwrapping glia (EG; Schwann cells (SCs) and oligodendrocytes (OLGs)) form a unique compound structure that serves as conduit for transport of electric and chemical information in the nervous system. The peculiar cytoarchitecture over an enormous length as well as its substantial energetic require...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Beirowski B

更新日期：2013-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons. The cause of this selective neuronal death is unknown, but transcriptional dysregulation is recently emerging as an important factor. The physical substrate for the regulation of the transc...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Lazo-Gómez R,Ramírez-Jarquín UN,Tovar-Y-Romo LB,Tapia R

更新日期：2013-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons receive thousands of synaptic inputs that are distributed in space and time. The systematic study of how neurons process these inputs requires a technique to stimulate multiple yet highly targeted points of interest along the neuron's dendritic tree. Three-dimensional multi-focal patterns produced via holograp...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Go MA,To MS,Stricker C,Redman S,Bachor HA,Stuart GJ,Daria VR

更新日期：2013-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:P2X receptor channels mediate fast excitatory signaling by ATP and play major roles in sensory transduction, neuro-immune communication and inflammatory response. P2X receptors constitute a gene family of calcium-permeable ATP-gated cation channels therefore the regulation of P2X signaling is critical for both membran...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Bernier LP,Ase AR,Séguéla P

更新日期：2013-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The hippocampal mossy fibers (MFs), the axons of the granule cells (GCs) of the dentate gyrus, innervate mossy cells and interneurons in the hilus on their way to CA3 where they innervate interneurons and pyramidal cells. Synapses on each target cell have distinct anatomical and functional characteristics. In recent y...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Münster-Wandowski A,Gómez-Lira G,Gutiérrez R

更新日期：2013-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Soon after its discovery, microRNA-9 (miR-9) attracted the attention of neurobiologists, since it is one of the most highly expressed microRNAs in the developing and adult vertebrate brain. Functional analyses in different vertebrate species have revealed a prominent role of this microRNA in balancing proliferation in...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Coolen M,Katz S,Bally-Cuif L

更新日期：2013-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle of adult rodent brain generate oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) that disperse throughout the corpus callosum and striatum where some of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes. Studies in animal models of stroke demonstrate that...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Zhang R,Chopp M,Zhang ZG

更新日期：2013-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are ligand-gated chloride ion channels that mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the spinal cord and the brainstem. There, they are mainly involved in motor control and pain perception in the adult. However, these receptors are also expressed in upper regions of the central nervous sy...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Avila A,Nguyen L,Rigo JM

更新日期：2013-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In the primary motor cortex (M1), layer 5 projection neurons signal directly to distant motor structures to drive movement. Despite their pivotal position and acknowledged diversity these neurons are traditionally separated into broad commissural and corticofugal types, and until now no attempt has been made at resolv...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Oswald MJ,Tantirigama ML,Sonntag I,Hughes SM,Empson RM

更新日期：2013-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, P2X receptors have attracted increasing attention as regulators of exocytosis and cellular secretion. In various cell types, P2X receptors have been found to stimulate vesicle exocytosis directly via Ca(2+) influx and elevation of the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Recently, a new role for P2X4 r...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Miklavc P,Thompson KE,Frick M

更新日期：2013-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Besides its "classical" neurotransmitter function, serotonin (5-HT) has been found to also act as a neurodevelopmental signal. During development, the 5-HT projection system, besides an external placental source, represents one of the earliest neurotransmitter systems to innervate the brain. One of the targets of the ...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Witteveen JS,Middelman A,van Hulten JA,Martens GJ,Homberg JR,Kolk SM

更新日期：2013-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are defined as non-protein coding RNAs distinct from housekeeping RNAs such as tRNAs, rRNAs, and snRNAs, and independent from small RNAs with specific molecular processing machinery such as micro- or piwi-RNAs. Recent studies of lncRNAs across different species have revealed a diverse popula...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Ernst C,Morton CC

更新日期：2013-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The loss of hippocampal interneurons has been considered as one reason for the onset of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) by shifting the excitation-inhibition balance. Yet, there are many different interneuron types which show differential vulnerability in the context of an epileptogenic insult. We used the intrahippocamp...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Marx M,Haas CA,Häussler U

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The subventricular zone (SVZ) is the largest source of newly generated cells in the adult mammalian brain. SVZ-derived neuroblasts migrate via the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to the olfactory bulb (OB), where they differentiate into mature neurons. Additionally, a small proportion of SVZ-derived cells contribute to...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Capilla-Gonzalez V,Cebrian-Silla A,Guerrero-Cazares H,Garcia-Verdugo JM,Quiñones-Hinojosa A

更新日期：2013-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Throughout life new neurons are continuously added to the hippocampal circuitry involved with spatial learning and memory. These new cells originate from neural precursors in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus, migrate into the granule cell layer, and integrate into neural networks encoding spatial and contextu...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Belarbi K,Rosi S

更新日期：2013-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Proper brain neuronal circuitry formation and synapse development is dependent on specific cues, either genetic or epigenetic, provided by the surrounding neural environment. Within these signals, thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) play crucial role in several steps of brain morphogenesis including proliferation of progenit...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Dezonne RS,Stipursky J,Araujo AP,Nones J,Pavão MS,Porcionatto M,Gomes FC

更新日期：2013-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays an important role in a substantial number of patients with stress-related mental disorders, such as anxiety disorders and depression. CRH has been shown to increase neuronal excitability in the hippocampus, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The effects of ...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Kratzer S,Mattusch C,Metzger MW,Dedic N,Noll-Hussong M,Kafitz KW,Eder M,Deussing JM,Holsboer F,Kochs E,Rammes G

更新日期：2013-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The remarkable ability of the nervous system to modify its structure and function is mostly experience and activity modulated. The molecular basis of neuronal plasticity has been studied in higher behavioral processes, such as learning and memory formation. However, neuronal plasticity is not restricted to higher brai...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Farca-Luna AJ,Sprecher SG

更新日期：2013-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by social skills and communication deficits and interfering repetitive behavior. Intellectual disability often accompanies autism. In addition to behavioral deficits, autism is characterized by neuropathology and brain overgrowth. Increased intracranial volume often accom...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Lahiri DK,Sokol DK,Erickson C,Ray B,Ho CY,Maloney B

更新日期：2013-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterotrimeric G-proteins mediate a variety of cellular functions, including signal transduction in sensory neurons of the olfactory system. Whereas the Gα subunits in these neurons are well characterized, the gene transcript expression profile of Gβγ subunits is largely missing. Here we report our comprehensive expre...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Sathyanesan A,Feijoo AA,Mehta ST,Nimarko AF,Lin W

更新日期：2013-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) to mature neurons is well-established, since mutations in PARK8, the gene encoding LRRK2, are the most common known cause of Parkinson's disease. Nonetheless, despite the LRRK2 knockout mouse having no overt neurodevelopmental defect, numerous lines of in vitro da...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Berwick DC,Harvey K

更新日期：2013-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been estimated that 20% of pregnant women suffer from depression and it is well-documented that maternal depression can have long-lasting effects on the child. Currently, common treatment for maternal depression has been the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications (SSRIs) which are used by 2-3% of pr...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Olivier JD,Akerud H,Kaihola H,Pawluski JL,Skalkidou A,Högberg U,Sundström-Poromaa I

更新日期：2013-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The opioid peptide receptors consist of three major subclasses, namely, μ, δ, and κ (MOR, DOR, and KOR, respectively). They are involved in the regulation of striatal dopamine functions, and increased opioid transmissions are thought to play a compensatory role in altered functions of the basal ganglia in Parkinson's ...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Koizumi H,Morigaki R,Okita S,Nagahiro S,Kaji R,Nakagawa M,Goto S

更新日期：2013-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The schizophrenia brain is differentiated from the normal brain by subtle changes, with significant overlap in measures between normal and disease states. For the past 25 years, schizophrenia has increasingly been considered a neurodevelopmental disorder. This frame of reference challenges biological researchers to co...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Catts VS,Fung SJ,Long LE,Joshi D,Vercammen A,Allen KM,Fillman SG,Rothmond DA,Sinclair D,Tiwari Y,Tsai SY,Weickert TW,Shannon Weickert C

更新日期：2013-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are lipophilic hormones often taken in excessive quantities by athletes and bodybuilders to enhance performance and increase muscle mass. AAS exert well known toxic effects on specific cell and tissue types and organ systems. The attention that androgen abuse has received lately shou...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Basile JR,Binmadi NO,Zhou H,Yang YH,Paoli A,Proia P

更新日期：2013-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Studying the distribution of astrocytic antigens is particularly hard when they are localized in their fine, peripheral astrocyte processes (PAPs), since these processes often have a diameter comparable to vesicles and small organelles. The most appropriate technique is immunoelectron microscopy, which is, however, a ...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Haseleu J,Anlauf E,Blaess S,Endl E,Derouiche A

更新日期：2013-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of new techniques to study glial cells has revealed that they are active participants in the development of functional neuronal circuits. Calcium imaging studies demonstrate that glial cells actively sense and respond to neuronal activity. Glial cells can produce and release neurotransmitter-like molec...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Van Horn MR,Sild M,Ruthazer ES

更新日期：2013-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Tonic GABA type A (GABAA) conductance is a key factor regulating neuronal excitability and computation in neuronal networks. The magnitude of the tonic GABAA conductance depends on the concentration of ambient GABA originating from vesicular and non-vesicular sources and is tightly regulated by GABA uptake. Here we sh...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Song I,Volynski K,Brenner T,Ushkaryov Y,Walker M,Semyanov A

更新日期：2013-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Thrombin is a serine protease playing an essential role in the blood coagulation cascade. Recent work, however, has identified a novel role for thrombin-mediated signaling pathways in the central nervous system. Binding of thrombin to protease-activated receptors (PARs) in the brain appears to have multiple actions af...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Maggio N,Blatt I,Vlachos A,Tanne D,Chapman J,Segal M

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of presynaptic protein expression in glutamatergic and GABAergic central synapses performed in several laboratories and with different techniques is unveiling a complex scenario, largely because each presynaptic protein exists in several isoforms. The interpretation of these findings is generally based on the...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Bragina L,Fattorini G,Giovedì S,Bosco F,Benfenati F,Conti F

更新日期：2013-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that microglial form and function are inextricably linked. In recent years, the traditional view that microglial form ranges between "ramified resting" and "activated amoeboid" has been emphasized through advancing imaging techniques that point to microglial form being highly dynamic even within...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Karperien A,Ahammer H,Jelinek HF

更新日期：2013-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Ischemic stroke is a debilitating disease for which there are currently no effective treatments besides the clot-buster, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), which is administered to less than 10% of patients due to a limited (4.5 h) time window of efficacy. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel therapies that can p...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Broughton BR,Lim R,Arumugam TV,Drummond GR,Wallace EM,Sobey CG

更新日期：2013-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Stressors, during early life or adulthood, can alter steroid-sensitive behaviors, such as exploration, anxiety, and/or cognitive processes. We investigated if exposure to acute stressors in adulthood may alter behavioral and neuroendocrine responses of male rats that were exposed to gestational stress or not. We hypot...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Walf AA,Frye CA

更新日期：2012-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:IN ADULT MAMMALS, UNDER PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, NEUROGENESIS, THE PROCESS OF GENERATING NEW FUNCTIONAL NEURONS FROM PRECURSOR CELLS, OCCURS MAINLY IN TWO BRAIN AREAS: the subgranular zone in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and the subventricular zone (SVZ) lining the walls of the brain lateral ventricles. Taki...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Falcão AM,Marques F,Novais A,Sousa N,Palha JA,Sousa JC

更新日期：2012-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases and other disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) such as Parkinson and Huntington diseases, multiple sclerosis or stroke. Although cell replacement therapy already went through clinical trials for some of these diseases us...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Bonnamain V,Neveu I,Naveilhan P

更新日期：2012-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Topographical and biochemical characteristics of the substrate are critical for neuronal differentiation including axonal outgrowth and regeneration of neural circuits in vivo. Contact stimuli and signaling molecules allow neurons to develop and stabilize synaptic contacts. Here we present the development, characteriz...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： García-Parra P,Cavaliere F,Maroto M,Bilbao L,Obieta I,López de Munain A,Alava JI,Izeta A

更新日期：2012-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) for cell therapy faces a number of challenges that are progressively answered by results from clinical trials and experimental research. Among these is the control of differentiation before transplantation and the prediction of cell fate after administration into the huma...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Benchoua A,Onteniente B

更新日期：2012-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuronal potassium-chloride co-transporter 2 [indicated thereafter as KCC2 (for protein) and Kcc2 (for gene)] is thought to play an important role in the post natal excitatory to inhibitory switch of GABA actions in the rodent hippocampus. Here, by studying hippocampi of wild-type (Kcc2(+/+)) and Kcc2 deficient (K...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Khalilov I,Chazal G,Chudotvorova I,Pellegrino C,Corby S,Ferrand N,Gubkina O,Nardou R,Tyzio R,Yamamoto S,Jentsch TJ,Hübner CA,Gaiarsa JL,Ben-Ari Y,Medina I

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years several evidence demonstrated that some features of hippocampal biology, like neurogenesis, synaptic transmission, learning, and memory performances are deeply modulated by social, motor, and sensorial experiences. Fractalkine/CX(3)CL1 is a transmembrane chemokine abundantly expressed in the brain by n...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Maggi L,Scianni M,Branchi I,D'Andrea I,Lauro C,Limatola C

更新日期：2011-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetically encoded Ca(2+) indicators (GECIs) are promising tools for cell type-specific and chronic recording of neuronal activity. In the mammalian central nervous system, however, GECIs have been tested almost exclusively in cortical and hippocampal pyramidal cells, and the usefulness of recently developed GECIs ha...

journal_title：Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

authors： Yamada Y,Michikawa T,Hashimoto M,Horikawa K,Nagai T,Miyawaki A,Häusser M,Mikoshiba K

更新日期：2011-09-29 00:00:00